Non-Systems NPTE Practice Exam

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• Which term describes the arithmetic average?
• An arterial line is used to?
• What is the maximum carpet pile height permitted in accessible spaces?
• Which statement best describes an ultralight frame?
• What is the minimum outside door swing clearance required for wheelchairs?
• What is the typical seat height of a hemiplegic wheelchair?
• Ultrasound indications include which of the following conditions?
• The Craig-Scott KAFO is designed for which population?
• Which configuration has tubular or single posted arms that require minimal upper-extremity support, easy access to wheels for propulsion, and easy removal of arms?
• What does CTLSO stand for in spinal orthoses?
• X-ray imaging is best characterized by which of the following?
• Which level provides highly specialized, technologically based medical services and may involve transplants; therapists are brought in by referral?
• During cardiac catheterization, a thin catheter is inserted into an artery and dye is injected to evaluate narrowing or occlusion of the coronary arteries and to measure blood pressure in the heart and oxygen in the blood.
• Acetate used to treat calcific deposits is which charge?
• Traction duration for a trial session is which of the following?
• Internal consistency is the extent to which items or elements contributing to a measurement reflect one basic phenomenon or dimension.
• In C4 Tetraplegia, which mobility device and control configuration is described?
• Which AFO limits dorsiflexion?
• External fixation is characterized by which statement?
• What is the recommended carpet pile height according to ADA guidelines?
• What is the maximum allowed height from the floor to the bottom of a mirror or paper dispenser in the bathroom?
• What ethical principle obligates health care providers to tell the truth?
• What is the required landing area size for changing direction on a ramp?
• Tort is defined as which of the following?
• Which element provides sagittal stability in KAFOs?
• What is the standard step height?
• In the WHO model, disability is defined as?
• Which ADA provision applies to all businesses regardless of the number of employees?
• What is the width (rim to rim) of a wheelchair?
• The mode is the value that occurs most frequently.
• Which transducer size is most commonly used for the shoulder and leg in ultrasound?
• Which care setting requires Medicare certification and provides 24-hour nursing coverage with availability of PT, OT, and SLT?
• What is the recommended clearance between the floor and the foot plate for a wheelchair?
• Elevated leg rests in a wheelchair are most beneficial for which condition?
• A test with a high positive predictive value indicates what?
• If a study finds a positive correlation between two variables, which interpretation is MOST appropriate?
• What percentage lies within three standard deviations above and below the mean?
• Lofstrand crutches require what level of coordination for proper use?
• Diathermy indication that is commonly treated?
• Which of the following is NOT a superficial thermotherapy modality?
• Which non-invasive technique uses magnetic fields to produce an image of soft tissues and requires the patient to remain still for prolonged periods, being extremely expensive?
• Toe touch bearing describes which weight-bearing status?
• Balanced suspension traction is best described by which statement?
• The median is the point on a distribution at which 50% of values fell above and below; identified by first rank ordering the values.
• What is the minimum stair tread depth?
• Which level is second level with no prior contact, examples include cardiologist or dermatologist?
• Intrarater reliability refers to the consistency or equivalence of repeated measurements made by the same person over time.
• Which statement correctly describes the cervical halo orthosis?
• Which facility provides care with continuous nursing and daily rehab, is not acute but requires skilled care on an inpatient basis, and must be certified by Medicare for 24-hour nursing coverage and availability of PT, OT, SLT?
• Which of the following is a deep thermotherapy modality?
• What feature characterizes the Swedish knee cage?
• Seat depth measurement is taken from where, and what adjustment is recommended?
• Which imaging modality produces planar images and often requires images to be taken in multiple planes to visualize a lesion's location and size?
• Which condition besides scoliosis is the Boston TLSO used to treat, including spondylolisthesis and severe trunk weakness (e.g., muscular dystrophy)?
• What is the recommended treatment time for other cervical spine conditions?
• A solid AFO is primarily used to achieve which effect?
• Which of the following is true about p-values and alpha?
• Which feature allows the front rigging to pivot outward away from the chair frame to facilitate transfers?
• In qualitative research, data analysis is typically non-statistical?
• Health Savings Accounts are characterized by which of the following?
• Which device is commonly used by therapists to assess activity tolerance by monitoring oxygen saturation during exercise and position changes?
• Which statement about a respiratory therapy technician certified (RTTC) is true?
• Which statement best describes a chest tube?
• Qualitative research rationale emphasizes that
• Which invasive test combines fluoroscopy and radiography to evaluate the spinal subarachnoid space and uses contrast medium injected into the epidural space by spinal puncture?
• Which variable is typically measured as the outcome in an experiment?
• Which accessory provides trunk support to correct anterior listing?
• An experimental design that uses the same participants in both the experimental and control conditions is called which?
• A durable power of attorney for healthcare is defined as a legal document that delegates medical decision-making to a specified individual in the event that the patient becomes unable to make decisions. Which option best reflects this definition?
• Which steps are included in the typical accreditation process?
• Beam non-uniformity ratio (BNR) is defined as which of the following?
• How should a supervising PT approach the ongoing effectiveness of a PTA's ability to perform interventions?
• Which organization is commonly responsible for quality improvement in healthcare settings and accredits hospitals, SNFs, and home health agencies?
• Ultrasound indications include treatment of plantar warts.
• What is the minimum depth under a bathroom sink to the back wall?
• Which whirlpool tank is designed for larger body parts of the lower extremity?
• Which task is NOT allowed for PT volunteers?
• Which orthosis is designed to support the longitudinal arch of the foot?
• Which of the following is a contraindication to CPM use?
• What is the typical duration for an ice massage treatment?
• Which statement correctly describes a jejunostomy (J) tube?
• Which term describes the middle value when data are ordered?
• A duty cycle of pulsed ultrasound is typically:
• The acute-phase traction force for lumbar disc protrusion is best described as what percent of body weight?
• Where should ultrasound be applied for the peroneus longus and brevis tendons?
• Acupuncture-like TENS: Which statement best describes its amplitude and effect?
• In ICD coding, what do the digits 4 and 5 provide?
• Which knee orthosis is used for mediolateral stabilization with postoperative use?
• Which statement is true about the p value as described?
• What is the maximum daily duration described for CPM treatment?
• Which hydrotherapy tank allows near full body immersion with the patient in an upright posture?
• Adjustable angle footrests are indicated for which condition?
• A highly sensitive test that yields a negative result is most useful for ruling out disease because it is associated with which likelihood ratio?
• Kruskal-Wallis test is primarily used for which scenario?
• If the dorsiflexion stop is set to allow only slight DF (~5°), knee motion results?
• Which back insert is indicated for severe postural concerns requiring substantial trunk support?
• Which foot orthosis is used to support the longitudinal arch?
• In a research study, which term describes the variable that the researcher actively changes?
• In C5 Tetraplegia, which control method is described for a power wheelchair?
• Which of the following is an example of convection therapy?
• What is the typical weight limit range for bariatric wheelchairs?
• If a radial arterial line is pulled out, what is the recommended initial action?
• For targeting L5-S1, what is the recommended hip flexion angle during traction?
• Molded AFOs are typically characterized by which of the following?
• Which headrest is used when a patient tends to maintain a hyperextended head/neck position in upright sitting?
• Which statement about ratio scales is true?
• Where is the rocker bar located?
• What is the standard step height?
• Head-control systems can be described as which?
• Which of the following lists the MRSA precaution actually indicated?
• Which utilization review phase involves auditing medical records after care has been delivered to assess appropriateness?
• Which of the following is a contraindication to traction?
• Residual limb reduction therapy can total up to how many hours per day?
• What is the purpose of a scaphoid pad?
• A tone reducing foot orthosis is indicated to decrease hypertonia and normalize tone. Which statement reflects its purpose?
• On the Berg Balance Scale, a score of less than which value indicates a risk of falling?
• Which of the following describes the final action in descending a curb with a forward approach?
• In home bathroom modifications, horizontal grab bars should be positioned at what height?
• The Swan-Ganz catheter is a balloon-tipped catheter placed in the pulmonary artery to obtain wedge pressure and left atrial pressure.
• Which data scale is used to categorize data by type without numerical meaning?
• Which of the following is an indication for biofeedback?
• What is a key practical use of the Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living?
• Which components comprise an intravenous (IV) system?
• Which orthosis is the Milwaukee CTLSO used to control scoliosis, featuring a molded plastic jacket with one anterior and two posterior uprights attaching to a neck/chest ring?
• Which statement about A-B-A-B single-case design is true?
• Which device is described as having a good base of support and stability?
• Which statement about CMS acceptance of national accreditation is true?
• What is the primary purpose of heel loops and toe loops on a wheelchair footrest?
• Medicare Part A enrollment is automatic, and funded through payroll taxes; Part B enrollment is voluntary, funded by premiums and general federal tax revenues.
• Armrest height is determined by measuring from the seat to the olecranon with the elbow flexed at 90 degrees. What adjustment is made to the measurement?
• Simple random sampling means that which condition applies to population members?
• The airplane splint is primarily used for which purpose?
• Which back insert requires moderate trunk support due to tone or deformity related postural concerns?
• Which finding indicates contraindication to cervical traction?
• What is the typical duration for ice massage?
• Air-filled cushions are characterized by which statement?
• Which care level is long-term care for permanent or residual disability, often 60 days or longer?
• Qualitative research uses data from
• What are the ADA minimum parking space dimensions?
• Which statement describes a gastrostomy (G) tube?
• How is back height measurement taken when fitting equipment?
• Acupuncture-like TENS pain relief duration is typically?
• Which whirlpool tank is used for full body immersion with the patient in an upright posture?
• Which statement best describes an advance directive?
• For a custom articulating ankle-foot orthosis with anterior trim lines, which statement is true?
• How is spatial average intensity defined?
• Custom molded seat is indicated for which condition?
• Which AFO is used to prevent knee buckling or excessive knee flexion?
• Which TENS mode is best for brief, intense pain relief during procedures such as debridement in burn care?
• Which test is designed to compare two means in parametric data?
• Which posture is recommended during lumbar traction for posterior herniated discs?
• What is the primary purpose of the Kruskal-Wallis test?
• Which of the following is an indication for electrotherapy in muscle function recovery?
• Which component is designed for total contact lateral support in cases of significant lateral listing or scoliosis?
• Rocker Bar is used for which of the following conditions?
• What percentage of values lie within one standard deviation above and below the mean?
• Which condition lists 2.5 hours per week across 3x per week?
• Grab bars should be installed at what height from the floor?
• Which condition lists an option of two 3-hour sessions?
• Which radiographic technique visualizes injected radiopaque dye in veins and is used to identify tumors or blockages in the venous network?
• Which condition indicates planar back insert?
• Which muscles are among the lowest innervated in a person with a T10 paraplegia?
• During intermittent mechanical compression, what is the position of the limb?
• Which is a qualitative data example?
• What is the typical stair step rise height?
• Which muscle weakness is most associated with trunk lateral bend during stance?
• Concurrent validity is best described as validity established by comparing a measurement to a gold standard at approximately the same time.
• Which back insert is indicated for significant trunk support due to severe postural concerns?
• Tilt table progression includes which set of incremental angles?
• Removable back insert is indicated when the wheelchair must fold. Which option below matches this indication?
• Which upper limb orthosis frees the palm for feeling and grasping by curving around the second and fifth metacarpal heads and allows for the attachment of dorsal devices to create a dynamic device?
• Which chair would not benefit an active patient with incomplete spinal cord injury relying on a wheelchair for primary transportation?
• What functional advantage does a plastic AFO with articulating ankle joint provide during sit-to-stand?
• For whom is the Physical Self Maintenance Scale (PSMS) designed?
• Which statement about walkers versus canes is true?
• Discharge Summary: Who must write the reason for discharge?
• How far should ramp handrails extend beyond the top and bottom of runs?
• Null hypothesis
• In transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for motor stimulation, which parameter combination is typical?
• Which statement best describes Primary Care?
• For windswept deformity, which device is most appropriate to accommodate leg alignment?
• What is the primary purpose of a heel lift or platform?
• Which is an indication for an amputee frame?
• Which statement about private health insurance plans is accurate regarding ownership?
• How does sip-and-puff control determine direction?
• A suprapubic catheter is best described as:
• A Floor Reaction AFO primarily accomplishes which effect?
• Head-control systems can be described as which?
• Which set correctly lists the approximate percentages of data within 1, 2, and 3 standard deviations of the mean in a normal distribution?
• Which muscle contributes to lateral stability during the stance phase?
• Mallet finger is also commonly known as which term?
• What is the maximum recommended kitchen counter height?
• During descending stairs with axillary crutches, which sequence is recommended?
• Seat depth is measured from the posterior buttock along the lateral thigh to the popliteal fold. What adjustment is subtracted?
• Which diagnostic test is used to visualize veins and evaluate venous insufficiency or blockage?
• Which landmark is used for back height measurement?
• Which statement describes an interval scale?
• In the Nagi model, impairment refers to?
• Duty cycle is calculated as:
• Which AFO should not be used in the presence of spasticity due to its coil spring mechanism?
• Which statement best defines sensitivity in diagnostic testing?
• In the Functional Status Index, what is the third domain besides independence and difficulty?
• Fall instructions for a patient using crutches specify which action first?
• Quality measurement in physical therapy care focuses on which domains?
• What is the purpose of the synthetic foam cover on the endoskeletal shank?
• Which action would MOST reduce a physical therapist's risk of being sued for medical malpractice?
• Compression garments to control scar tissue formation are typically what pressure?
• Which AFO feature is attached on the medial side to restrain pronation?
• Which example represents continuous data?
• Which condition indicates a backward tilt-in-space frame?
• Which frame type is best for a user who can self-propel using two upper extremities and has adequate lower-extremity range of motion?
• Spatial peak intensity refers to:
• Tilt-in-space wheelchair is indicated for which condition besides pressure relief?
• Which statement about a rocker bar is true?
• Detachable swing-away legrests serve which main function?
• Which statement best describes a custodial care facility?
• Which statement about the SACH foot device is correct?
• Boutonniere deformity is characterized by which pattern of joint involvement?
• Which of the following is a true therapeutic effect of compression in amputation care?
• Which description correctly identifies the Toronto hip abduction orthosis?
• Which AFO component is designed to limit plantarflexion?
• Concurrent validity is defined as the degree of correlation between two measures of the same concept that are administered when?
• The Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living uses which type of measurement scale to identify the level of assistance required in self-care activities?
• A hospital physical therapist discovers that her child's day-care provider has been admitted to the same hospital and placed on contact isolation precautions. The therapist is concerned that her child may have been exposed to a health risk. What should she do?
• Discrete data are data that can be measured in whole units.
• Ultrasound is contraindicated over which area in young children?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of detachable swing-away leg rests?
• Which test is used to compare means across three or more groups?
• Sip and Puff Controls are used on which type of wheelchair?
• What is a durable power of attorney in medical decisions?
• Which statement about extensor tone in MS and wheelchair adjustments is accurate?
• Which statement best describes construct validity?
• An individual is unable to get dressed due to a restriction in performing daily tasks; this is an example of which category?
• In monophasic electrical stimulation for wound healing, applying negative polarity to the wound area yields which effect?
• Excessive seat width in a wheelchair most commonly results in which adverse effect?
• Which areas are relieved by the patella tendon bearing socket?
• Which statement about arterial lines is true?
• Which study design provides the MOST conclusive cause-and-effect analysis for testing a therapy such as iontophoresis?
• Which condition indicates a reclining frame?
• Partial weight bearing is defined as:
• CPM stands for continuous passive motion. One cycle lasts 30 seconds. How many cycles occur in one minute?
• Which best describes the type of research question used in qualitative research?
• Ulnar drift is most commonly associated with which condition?
• T-tests are used to compare means in which scenario?
• Which statement best describes large diameter handrims for users with upper-extremity weakness?
• Which best defines functional limitation in the Nagi model?
• Sling seat is best described as which of the following?
• Which modality uses high-frequency sound waves to evaluate heart function in real time and shows size and function of ventricles, thickness of septums, walls, valves and chambers?
• Which statement is true about highboy and lowboy tank depths?
• Which sampling method tends to have the greatest degree of sampling error?
• Which statement about reliability and validity is true?
• The majority of CPT codes used by physical therapists belong to which series?
• Which statement accurately describes a lowboy tank?
• Supine knee flexed position is used for traction in which condition?
• BNR stands for Beam Non Uniformity Ratio. What does it measure?
• Standard footrests are appropriate when the user has:
• Central venous pressure line is used to estimate which cardiac parameter?
• What is the average seat depth?
• What is the minimum height for a bathroom sink from the floor?
• In a single-blind study, who is unaware of group assignment?
• A lower BNR indicates:
• Qualitative data analysis is typically which type?
• What does Beam Nonuniformity Ratio (BMR) stand for in therapeutic beam quality measurements?
• In stratified random sampling, how are samples drawn?
• Systematic review is characterized by?
• For patients at C8 and below, which handrim type is described?
• Which statement correctly describes the scope of Joint Commission accreditation?
• What is the length of an accessible parking space?
• Which upper limb orthosis is a resting 'cock-up' splint, commonly known as a palmar splint?
• During EMG biofeedback, why are electrodes initially placed close together?
• Continuous passive motion (CPM) is contraindicated in which scenario?
• To minimize electrode resistance during electrical stimulation, which practice is recommended?
• Which massage technique is primarily used to stimulate peripheral nerves and improve circulation through rapid, alternating movements?
• Which is a contraindication for body weight support (BWS)?
• Which statement best describes Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) plans?
• What is the minimum side clearance beside the bed?
• Which of the following is an indication for superficial thermotherapy?
• Back height below the inferior angle of the scapula indicates which of the following?
• Which condition is a contraindication for Elevating Leg Rests?
• What is the minimum doorway width for accessibility?
• Reciprocating gait in THKAFOs uses what arrangement to move limbs?
• Reliability refers to the reproducibility or repeatability of measurements.
• Which spinal orthosis is characterized by a molded plastic jacket with one anterior and two posterior uprights attaching to a neck/chest ring and is used for scoliosis up to 40 degrees?
• Which statement about a tracheostomy mask is true?
• What is the height from the floor to the push handles on a wheelchair?
• KAFO fracture braces are designed to provide support by which method?
• What is the maximum side reach over an obstruction in a wheelchair?
• Which study design is best suited to evaluate incidence and relative risk?
• Which of the following represents the acute-phase cervical traction force for joint distraction?
• Noxious TENS commonly uses what per-point tx time?
• What is the minimum hallway clearance width per ADA accessibility?
• What is the minimum doorway width required for wheelchair access?
• Removable Armrests are Appropriate for Which Patient Group to Improve Safety and Ease of Transfers?
• The Scaphoid Pad orthosis is indicated for which condition?
• Which TENS modality is associated with activating descending inhibition and endorphin production?
• Which statement best describes evaporation in heat transfer?
• Compression garments used to prevent deep vein thrombosis in bedridden patients typically apply what pressure?
• MRSA is primarily spread by which mode of transmission?
• What is the normal seat depth for an adult wheelchair?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between correlation and causation?
• Which statement describes the quantitative research question type?
• Which statement correctly describes a highboy tank?
• What does CT stand for?
• Convection involves heat transfer due to air or water moving across the body. Which statement best describes convection?
• DRGs are the basis for Medicare's prospective payment system; hospitals are paid a specific amount per diagnosis regardless of length of stay, services provided, or tests performed. True or false?
• Which whirlpool tank is designed for larger body parts of the upper extremity?
• What is the maximum possible score on the Berg Balance Scale?
• Which is a common mechanism for controlling costs in workers’ compensation programs?
• To target L5-S1 during traction, the hips should be flexed to approximately which range?
• In the listed home modifications, what is the recommended toilet seat height?
• Which statement about voluntary accreditation is true?
• In a wheelchair-accessible toilet reach, what are the typical measurements for low reach, high reach, and side reach over an obstruction?
• Reciprocating gait in THKAFOs is enabled by what mechanism?
• Which of the following is NOT typically listed as a vulnerable population in research ethics?
• What is the minimum depth clearance beneath the sink to the back wall as per the material?
• Which lumbar traction position is described as opening the intervertebral foramina and elongating the muscles?
• Which accessory helps keep the foot on the footrest, often necessary with spasticity?
• Which statement best describes a therapeutic effect of compression therapy?
• Which option correctly describes a metatarsal pad?
• The p value is best described as:
• Which feature requires additional lateral foot support?
• Which ultrasound setting represents nonthermal effects with a 20% duty cycle?
• Inflation and deflation ratio for edema management with intermittent compression is best described as?
• Which statement correctly describes proportional joystick control?
• Direct current is characterized by uninterrupted flow of electrons toward which pole?
• What is the function of an anti-tipping device on a wheelchair?
• In PT practice, using the ICD manual to select a code is considered what?
• Mean is defined as the arithmetic average; sum of all values divided by number of values.
• What is the minimum kitchen counter depth?
• Intratester reliability measures what?
• Which statement accurately describes a walk tank?
• Which option lists the four steps of evidence-based practice in the correct order?
• What is the purpose of offset rear wheels on a wheelchair?
• Which of the following is an indication for massage therapy?
• Which statement best describes supervision of PT and PTA students?
• Which statistic is used to determine differences among three or more groups?
• Construct validity assesses whether...
• What is true about PT aides?
• In a left-hemiplegic patient of average height, a hemi or low seat height around 17.5 inches primarily facilitates propulsion by which limbs?
• Which upper limb orthosis is the wrist-driven prehension orthosis, also known as a flexor hinge orthosis, that assists a patient in using wrist extensors to produce a grip in the absence of active flexion (e.g., tenodesis grasp in quadriplegia)?
• Which statement describes articulated feet in prosthetics?
• Under HIPAA Privacy Rule, which statement about consent is true?
• Intent-to-treat analysis includes all randomized participants in the analysis, regardless of adherence.
• Hot packs should be stored at what temperature range?
• Which is a therapeutic effect of massage?
• What anatomical mechanism contributes to swan neck deformity?
• The Medicare Social Security Amendment of 1983 established which payment system?
• What is the minimum length required to perform a wheelchair U-turn?
• What is the required spacing between grab bars and the wall?
• The Craig Scott KAFO includes which combination of components?
• Which of the following is a contraindication for superficial thermotherapy?
• A test-retest design is compromised when which issue occurs between tests?
• Computed tomography is used to produce what type of images?
• Under the ADA, which agency oversees issues and interprets regulations?
• Experimental research is defined as
• In the disablement model used in physical therapy, what is the term for loss or abnormality of physiological, psychological, or anatomical structure or function?
• Which utilization review phase monitors ongoing care to ensure it remains appropriate?
• Beam nonuniformity ratio (BNR) is defined as:
• THKAFO: Para Walker is used for which level of injury and movement restriction?
• Which statement describes a jejunostomy (J) tube?
• What is the surgical procedure called that excises a meniscus, usually from the knee joint?
• What does interrater reliability assess?
• The duty cycle is defined as the proportion of on time relative to the total cycle time. Which expression correctly represents this ratio?
• Which statement differentiates fee-for-service from managed care?
• Which test would be used to compare three or more independent samples?
• Which of the following is NOT a listed type of cryotherapy?
• Quantitative data are data consisting of numbers that represent counts or measurements.
• How is walking achieved with a parapodium?
• Which ankle control provides no movement?
• Which of the following is a therapeutic effect of biofeedback?
• In EMG biofeedback, what does setting the sensitivity low do to the amplitude of signals from hypertonic muscles?
• In managed care, how is cost containment typically achieved?
• Which statement best describes the one-hand drive frame?
• The Hickman catheter is inserted through which vein?
• Which upper limb orthosis is the wrist-driven prehension orthosis?
• What is the maximum score of the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment, and what score indicates high fall risk?
• In the WHO disability model, disease refers to which of the following?
• FES is indicated for which patient profile?
• What is the typical length of a wheelchair?
• Which option is designed so the user can operate brakes with coordinated motor ability?
• In Medicare Part B, which statement about physical therapy reimbursement is true?
• The Palumbo knee orthosis is primarily associated with which structure?
• How does increasing sample size affect the probability that a statistical test will reject the null hypothesis?
• Which imaging modality visualizes the venous system using injected radiopaque dye?
• For users with greater propulsion needs, which rims are most appropriate?
• What does a UCBL insert refer to?
• The range of motion is incrementally increased by how many degrees during CPM adjustments?
• When is the Heimlich maneuver indicated?
• Which statement describes the LSO Plastic lumbosacral jacket?
• A dependent variable measured on a continuous scale has a markedly skewed distribution. Which statistical test is MOST appropriate to detect a difference between two groups?
• What is the most significant source of error in a test-retest design?
• Deep thermotherapy is capable of heating to depths of how many centimeters?
• Which feature would be appropriate for a user who needs durable upper-extremity support that is not removable?
• The administrative plan should reflect current personnel functions.
• Medial/ lateral sole wedges are used for which problem?
• Current density is defined as the current amplitude (in mA) divided by which of the following?
• In cluster sampling, how is the sample drawn?
• Which description matches a cohort study?
• What is the normal seat depth for an adult wheelchair?
• In ascending a curb with forward approach, what is the third step?
• Kneading is best described as which technique?
• What is the maximum threshold height allowed for sliding doors under ADA guidelines?
• Which parameter best describes the hip flexion angle for targeting L5-S1 during traction?
• Which test is described as a nonparametric test designed to test the null hypothesis with two independent samples from the same population?
• How is wheelchair seat depth determined?
• Which data scale is used to classify data into named categories without any inherent order?
• In a cohort study, what measure is typically used to express the association between exposure and disease?
• What is a characteristic of a custom articulating ankle-foot orthosis with anterior trim lines?
• Qualitative research outcome is best described as?
• Which assistive device is described as usable with all weight bearing and typically used with a three-point gait pattern?
• Which test is used to evaluate bursitis?
• Which splint design helps keep the palm free for sensation while allowing dorsal attachment devices?
• Repeated measures design is also known as which term?
• AC-MRDD accredits programs or agencies that serve persons with developmental disabilities.
• Body weight support (BWS) without treadmill is initially set to what percent of body weight?
• Which statement about depth of penetration in ultrasound is true?
• What is a primary benefit of using a dorsal wrist splint?
• Which example represents discrete data?
• Hydraulic reclining mechanisms for wheelchairs allow which range of positions?
• A tent in oxygen delivery refers to a canopy placed over the head and shoulders. Which statement is true?
• In conduction, heat transfer continues until what condition is met?
• Which adaptation elevates the entire front rigging to varying heights?
• Which device provides stability with reliance on significant upper-extremity strength?
• A hip-locked HKAFO restricts gait to swing-to or swing-through. True or false?
• ADA is divided into how many titles and which areas do they cover?
• Which describes the primary function of a mechanical ventilator?
• To determine seat height for a wheelchair, which measurement is taken?
• A simple random sample is defined as...
• Lumbar traction is typically used to achieve which outcome?
• Which statement best characterizes a case report?
• Which seating option is primarily used when there is no seated deformity?
• During ascending a curb with a backward approach, when are the casters in contact with the upper surface?
• Which test records electrical activity of selected muscle at rest and during voluntary contraction?
• Common Law refers to court decisions in the absence of statutory law and often creates legal precedent. Which option best fits this description?
• In an administrative plan for physical therapy services, which statement best describes its purpose?
• Which organization accredits home health and community nursing agencies that operate outside hospitals?
• CARF accredits free-standing rehab facilities and rehab programs of larger hospital systems in which areas?
• Which brace is used to contain the femoral head in the acetabulum in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
• Metarsal pad or bar is primarily used to treat which condition?
• Where can heel lifts be placed?
• What is the minimum clear hallway width required for accessibility?
• Which device is indicated when the user cannot safely or independently operate brakes?
• Which cervical orthosis attaches to the skull by screws and provides maximum cervical spine control?
• Systematic sampling involves selecting a random starting point and then selecting every k-th element. Which option best describes this method?
• If a vertical rise is 3 inches, how many inches of horizontal run are required according to ramp inclination?
• When the null hypothesis is rejected, what does this indicate?
• In an Amputee wheelchair, why are the wheels placed posteriorly?
• After measuring seat height from heel to popliteal fold, what is the typical allowance added?
• In the acute phase for cervical joint distraction, what is the typical force?
• What is the recommended workplace step height?
• Which of the following is listed as an example of exploratory research?
• Which compound is used for calcific deposits?
• What is a contraindication for molded AFOs?
• How long is each tilt table position typically maintained?
• How long does the Berg Balance Scale typically take to administer?
• What does validity refer to in measurement?
• Cross-sectional studies are best classified as
• For ultrasound treatment, an area that is two times the size of the transducer face is typically treated for how long?
• MRSA is spread by which mode of transmission as stated?
• Which materials are known to transfer heat faster?
• In CPM, which value could be within the initial 20-40 degree range?
• Which imaging modality is designed to show motion in joints through x-ray imaging and is not commonly used due to radiation exposure?
• Which federal agency develops rules for Medicare and Medicaid programs?
• Which is a quantitative data example?
• Which payers commonly require documentation of visit duration?
• A rocker bottom is designed to
• Which imaging procedure is used to visualize location of plaques within the coronary arteries?
• For cervical spine joint distraction traction, what force option is listed?
• Qualitative data are data that represent categories distinguished by non-numeric characteristics.
• What is a defining feature of a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?
• Pulses are used to describe which characteristic of pulsed current?
• What is the required aisle width for accessible parking?
• What is a typical function of third-party payers in managed care systems?
• Which level is intermediate for medically fragile patients too ill to be cared for at home, provided by doctors, nurses, rehab at a higher level than a skilled nursing facility, and can be done in a hospital or SNF?
• In seating guidelines, the 2-inch seat depth increment corresponds to the width of how many fingers?
• What is the minimum turning space required for a 90-degree turn?
• Myelography is an invasive test that combines fluoroscopy and radiography to evaluate which space?
• What is the minimal daily treatment time for lymphedema?
• Which statement describes how a parapodium facilitates movement?
• Which sequence describes descending a curb with a backward approach?
• COBRA allows an employee to remain under an employer's group plan after certain life events. What is a key condition?
• Which of the following reduces the effect of a hot spot?
• Which is a contraindication to traction?
• What percentage of total parking spaces must be accessible?
• What is the standard unit for the phase charge in electrical stimulation?
• Which statement about the Functional Reach Test is true?
• Which statement best describes a plastic AFO with an articulating ankle joint compared to a metal upright AFO?
• In E-STIM for muscle spasms, which duty cycle is recommended?
• Which term describes 'the probability value' in statistics?
• Administrative Law is characterized by rules and regulations created by administrative agencies to supplement statutes and executive orders. Which option best classifies this body of law?
• Which of the following is a therapeutic effect of hydrotherapy?
• Which braking system requires coordinated motor ability to operate push or pull brakes?
• Zinc in ion therapy is described as which?
• Which test uses magnetic fields to image soft tissues and requires the patient to stay still for prolonged periods?
• What is the first emergency step when a patient is found on the floor?
• Which imaging modality can reveal fluid in the pleural space or pneumonia?
• For a patient who does not have functional grip or strength to propel a wheelchair, which handrim design is indicated?
• Which statement accurately describes the LSO Knight brace?
• A frequency of what depth is used for heating deeper tissues (up to 5 cm) in ultrasound therapy?
• An injury such as a humeral fracture demonstrates which disablement category?
• Diathermy contraindication?
• Bronchoscopy is primarily used for which purpose?
• Which statement correctly describes an external urinary catheter?
• Which diagnostic test records the electrical activity of the heart?
• Which wheelchair configuration is most appropriate for a patient who does not tolerate upright posture due to limited postural control?
• Which device is most appropriate for providing stability when the user has good upper-extremity strength?
• Which statement best describes a nominal scale?
• Which test records electrical activity of the brain by comparing potentials between scalp electrodes and is used to assess seizure activity?
• Which is an example of statutory law affecting health care?
• If symptoms are aggravated by motion during cervical traction, which duty cycle is recommended?
• Which of the following is a type of cryotherapy?
• Which feature characterizes the Denis Browne splint?
• Which type of validity is defined as being predictive of a future behavior or event?
• Which TLSO provides max support and controls all motions, and is used for people recovering from spinal cord injury?
• Which of the following are contraindications to iontophoresis?
• Which feature is associated with a one-piece footboard?
• The peroneus longus primarily facilitates which movement of the foot?
• Which of the following is a contraindication to hydrotherapy?
• The Thomas medial heel wedge is indicated for which conditions?
• Which cervical orthosis uses a forehead band without screws and provides maximum cervical motion control?
• Which upper limb orthosis positions the arm in 90 degrees of abduction and 90 degrees of elbow flexion with weight borne on a padded lateral trunk bar and iliac crest band, and a strap holds the device across the trunk to immobilize the shoulder after injury when chest strapping is not desirable?
• Which facility provides medical care for 60 days or longer to those with permanent or residual disability caused by a non-reversible condition, and may require specialized care/rehab?
• In physical therapy, a PTA operates under supervision and is authorized to:
• Which combination of ankle-foot orthoses is used to correct excessive pronation and includes varus posts, Arizona AFO, SMO, UCBL, and AFO with medial flange?
• Which procedure involves inserting a catheter to access the coronary arteries for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes?
• Which of the following is an example of a ratio scale?
• The Frejka pillow is used to keep which position in young children?
• What is the four-stage gait pattern sequence for using the THKAFO Reciprocating Gait orthosis?
• In the PICO framework, what does O stand for?
• In seating measurements, which of the following statements is correct?
• In fall instructions, what is the second step after releasing crutches?
• Conventional AFOs are defined by which characteristic?
• Which statement best characterizes a case series?
• In the WHO model, impairment is described as?
• What is the running slope for an entryway ramp?
• In the PICO framework, what does C stand for?
• What does the odds ratio represent in epidemiologic research?
• In medical documentation, what should ideally be recorded about a patient’s understanding?
• Nerve conduction velocity testing is used to assess nerve damage in which condition?
• What can IV systems be used to infuse?
• Which modality uses long pulse duration in the range of 100-300 microseconds?
• What is a primary advantage of molded AFOs over conventional metal AFOs?
• In utilization review, the statistical approach focuses on what outcome?
• Which combination of ankle-foot orthosis features is used to correct excessive supination, such as valgus post, lateral wedge, and AFO with lateral flange?
• Which statement accurately describes an interval scale?
• Which ultrasound frequency provides a depth of 2-3 cm?
• Arteriography is used to identify which of the following conditions?
• What is the minimum forward reach height for a low reach in a wheelchair?
• Which AFO feature is attached on the lateral side to restrain supination?
• In a Metal AFO, what can the ankle joint be configured to?
• What is a directional hypothesis?
• Pulsed ultrasound with which duty cycle produces nonthermal effects?
• Which model describes impairment, functional limitation, and disability as sequential stages from impairment to disability?
• Which statement reflects the hemi frame's clinical indication?
• Which ankle control allows motion to be restricted in one or both directions?
• Which of the following is not a typical OSHA responsibility according to the material?
• Which feature is characteristic of a conventional AFO?
• What term describes restriction of the ability to perform in a competent manner, occurring at the level of the whole person?
• Construct validity is demonstrated when...
• What is effect size?
• Which of the following is a commonly described sign in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
• Tapotement is best described as which technique?
• The Berg Balance Scale consists of how many tasks?
• Doppler ultrasonography is a noninvasive test that evaluates which of the following?
• Which device assists knee extension during the latter part of the swing phase?
• Which level of care is defined by stays typically less than 30 days?
• In ambulatory care settings, a patient with MRSA should be placed where as soon as possible?
• Which device is used to deliver oxygen therapy via nasal cannula and can provide 1-6 L per minute?
• Which statement is commonly associated with teleological ethics?
• Which lumbar brace is described as anchored by pelvic and thoracic bands with two posterior uprights, two lateral uprights, and an anterior corset?
• Which of the following is NOT an indication for iontophoresis?
• Agility drills primarily train which ability?
• What is predictive validity?
• Which adverse effect is particularly detrimental for individuals taking antipsychotic or antidepressant medications?
• What is the average seat height range?
• Which imaging modality provides continuous X-ray visualization of the heart and lungs during procedures but has high radiation exposure?
• Which statement best captures deontological ethics?
• Which option is a method to reduce tissue heating during ultrasound?
• Which cryotherapy contraindication involves abnormal blood proteins that gel when exposed to cold?
• If the posterior stop allows only slight plantarflexion (~5°), knee motion results?
• What is the recommended wall switch height range?
• Direct visualization of the bronchial tree with a fiber optic instrument that transmits images to a video camera is called?
• What is the treatment time for other lumbar spine conditions (not a herniated disc)?
• Which back height is used when the user requires some spinal support or uses a power mobility device?
• Meniscectomy is most commonly performed on which joint?
• Which patient would most benefit from a wrist-driven tenodesis orthosis?
• Which statement best describes construct validity?
• Which KAFO joint arrangement allows knee flexion in swing while maintaining extension in stance?
• In ascending a curb with forward approach, what is the first step?
• Covered rims are most indicated when the user requires what for hand contact with rims?
• Which device is used to deliver oxygen directly to a tracheostoma or tracheostomy?
• Which term describes the value that occurs most frequently?
• What percentage lies within two standard deviations above and below the mean?
• What is a common prosthetic sock adjustment to manage residual limb settling?
• What is the grade percentage for ramp inclination?
• Which statement about the Foley catheter’s balloon is true?
• What is the purpose of the foot plate in shoe attachments?
• Which condition is an indication for UV light therapy?
• Paraffin is classified as which type of heating modality?
• What are common insertion sites for peripheral IV access?
• Conventional TENS is characterized by what pulse frequency?
• The KAFO Craig Scott is designed for paraplegia at T9-T12 and includes which features?
• Which orthosis is described as a Reciprocating Gait orthosis?
• IDEA ensures that children with disabilities receive appropriate free education.
• What traction force is typically used in the acute phase of the lumbar spine?
• Cannot use the computer at work due to environmental and social barriers; this illustrates which concept?
• DRGs classify patients into disease categories for payment purposes.
• Which condition is a contraindication for intermittent compression therapy?
• Where is cane length measurement taken from?
• Which statement aligns with teleological ethics?
• What is the minimal daily treatment time for traumatic edema?
• Patella tendon bearing socket is used for which level of amputation?
• Which areas are included in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment?
• Tilt-in-space wheelchair is indicated for which condition?
• What is the preferred alternating immersion time ratio for contrast baths?
• Which of the following is a typical use of electroencephalography?
• Which tube is inserted through the nose into the stomach to provide short-term feeding or to remove gas?
• Which option describes the Posterior leaf spring (PLS) usage?
• Reclining Back wheelchair is indicated for patients with which profile?
• Compression garments to control edema in ambulatory patients are typically what pressure?
• Which seating option provides customized support for pelvic obliquity?
• What is the primary purpose of quantitative research?
• What is the recommended treatment time for acute cervical spine conditions and disc protrusion?
• Which modality heats by converting high frequency electromagnetic energy into heat?
• Focal signs indicate impairment of which system?
• In ventilator terminology, which statement is true about the expiratory phase for volume-cycled and pressure-cycled ventilators?
• Which statement best describes the use of a gastrostomy (G) tube?
• Under teleological ethics, paternalistic behavior is supported when which condition is met?
• Which configuration is designed for minimal support needs and does not require upper-extremity or trunk support?
• In E-STIM for muscle strengthening, edema, ROM, what is the recommended duty cycle?
• Which statement accurately reflects HIPAA confidentiality expectations?
• Which statement about ADA-compliant ramps is accurate?
• In the acute phase, for disc protrusion, elongation of soft tissue, and muscle spasm in the lumbar spine, the traction force is approximately what percent of body weight?
• What is the standard for accommodations under the ADA?
• Which statement lists examples of voluntary accrediting agencies in healthcare?
• In ascending a curb with forward approach, what is the second step?
• Which statement describes sling back indications?
• Descriptive research aims to
• High specificity followed by a positive test is most useful for which purpose?
• In pressure-cycled ventilators, what ends the inspiratory phase?
• Which statement correctly describes a PTA's scope of practice?
• Which statement best describes a contraindication for a plastic AFO with articulating ankle joint?
• Which description best fits a posterior leaf spring orthosis?
• According to the material, which statement describes a property of the normal distribution?
• If elbow flexion angle is set too low when fitting a walker, the elbow flexion will be:
• Which statement best describes the suitability of small diameter handrims?
• Which statement about radiation is true?
• A rigid-frame wheelchair
• Which factor contributes to excessive redness over the patella in a patient using a prosthesis, and what adjustment is recommended?
• For C6-C7 Tetraplegia, Manual Wheelchair Uses Which Handrim Type?
• What is a typical positioning goal of a resting (cock-up) splint for the hand?
• In ultrasound equipment maintenance, which factor is extremely important for determining a calibration and maintenance schedule?
• Which armrest type provides durable upper-extremity support and is fixed/non-removable?
• What duty cycle is used in pulsed ultrasound to achieve nonthermal effects?
• What does validity refer to in measurement?
• Ulnar drift describes fingers drifting toward which side due to capsule stretching and muscle imbalance, commonly seen in which condition?
• What unit measures the frequency of alternating current in electrical stimulation?
• Intermittent pneumatic compression is indicated for which condition?
• Which is a contraindication for ultrasound therapy?
• In conventional TENS used for sensory stimulation, what parameter combination is typical?
• Coronary angiography is used to visualize which of the following structures?
• For targeting L3-L4 during traction, the hips should be in which range?
• Exploratory research is characterized by
• Which option would not help reduce hot spots in the ultrasound beam?
• A patient who can perform at least what percent of an activity is considered to require minimal assistance?
• In therapeutic ultrasound, how is duty cycle defined?
• Face validity concerns which aspect?
• In the PICO framework, what does P stand for?
• A Hubbard tank is used for which therapy type?
• Which device is used to increase push-off in weak or inflexible feet?
• In quantitative research, data are typically what?
• Which wheelchair feature is helpful for a patient with multiple sclerosis who has significant extensor tone to prevent sliding out of the chair?
• Which of the following is an evaporation heat transfer example?
• For edema management, what is the on-time and off-time cycle for intermittent compression?
• To increase stability of the knee in a total knee arthroplasty, the prosthetic knee should be aligned relative to the TKA line in which position?
• Lidocaine in ion therapy is described as which?
• Which wedge is used to control eversion of the calcaneus and tibial internal rotation after heel-strike?
• Forefoot positioning uses which wedge for forefoot varus?
• In therapeutic ultrasound, which frequency and depth correspond to a superficial treatment (approximately 1–2 cm)?
• Masks are used to reduce the spread of microorganisms transmitted via droplets and are used for patients on which precautions?
• Which items are typically included in a discharge plan?
• What is the safe limit for active electrode densities (anode vs cathode)?
• What is the stair handrail height?
• Which setting is outpatient, preventative, diagnostic treatment services provided at medical offices, outpatient clinics and surgery centers, less costly than inpatient care and favored by managed care plans?
• BNR is determined by what factor?
• Which is an indication for hydrotherapy?
• What is the average seat width for typical wheelchair seating?
• When fitting a walker, what elbow flexion angle is recommended?
• Low-dose ultrasound can be used over which of the following areas?
• What is the primary focus of utilization review conducted by a Peer Review Organization (PRO)?
• Which of the following is a nonthermal effect of ultrasound?
• What are the stages of physiological response during ice massage, in order?
• What is a key feature of standing frames in lower-limb orthoses?
• Which measurement scale has an absolute zero point representing total absence of the property being measured?
• Radiation is direct heat transfer from a higher-temperature energy source to a cooler target. Which statement is true?
• What is the maximum forward reach height for a high reach in a wheelchair?
• Which device provides the smallest base of support?
• Which utilization review phase involves third-party payers approving a proposed PT prescription program before it is implemented?
• Which of the following is a therapeutic effect of superficial thermotherapy?
• Which condition indicates curved back insert?
• Which value is within the target knee flexion range of 110-120 degrees?
• Which statement about volume-cycled ventilators is true?
• Arthrography is used for visualization of which structures?
• What best describes Independent Health Plans like HMO and PPO?
• What is the maximum threshold height for doors other than sliding doors?
• A pulsed electrical stimulation has 2 ms on time and 8 ms off time. What is the duty cycle?
• The Mann-Whitney U test evaluates the null hypothesis that the two independent samples come from distributions that are the same. Which of the following reflects that idea?
• What is a consequence of pelvic attachments to an HKAFO?
• Which statistical test is used when comparing three or more groups?
• Which of the following must be included in a Medicare re-evaluation/summary progress report?
• Which urinary catheter type is applied externally over the shaft of the penis and held in place by a padded strap or adhesive tape?
• What is the correct sequence for ascending a curb with a backward approach?
• Which statement describes the primary purpose of an oronasal mask in oxygen therapy?
• Which wall switch height range is within the recommended accessibility range?
• During long-term TENS use, sensory receptors may accommodate to the continuous current. Which modulation strategy prevents this accommodation?
• What is the function of the KAFO offset joint?
• Which scenario indicates the use of a geriatric chair?
• Back height is measured from the seat to the floor of the axilla with the shoulder flexed to 90 degrees. What adjustment is made to place the back below the inferior angles of the scapulae?
• What unit is used to measure the rate of current?
• Iontophoresis is defined as what?
• Which reliability concept focuses on consistency of measurements made by the same person over time?
• Qualitative research data focus on
• What is a primary purpose of a knee immobilizer in hip precautions?
• What is the height from the floor to the armrest on a wheelchair?
• The dose category that produces the smallest visible erythema is called
• In an A-B-A-B single-subject design, what does the B phase represent?
• ICD codes are designed to describe a patient's impairment using how many digits?
• Which condition is the Jewett TLSO primarily used to manage?
• What does the Barthel Index measure?
• Which statement correctly describes external fixation in terms of stability and mobility?
• In EMG biofeedback, placing electrodes close together has what effect on detecting undesired activity from adjacent muscles?
• What is the primary purpose of an oximeter?
• Which agent is indicated for treatment of keloids and burns in this context?
• Euthanasia refers to which concept?
• Who must write the discharge plan?
• In the PICO framework, what does I stand for?
• Inflation/deflation ratio used for shaping the residual limb is which of the following?
• Test-retest reliability assesses?
• Sundowning in Alzheimer disease most commonly occurs during which time of day?
• If an arterial line becomes displaced, what is the first action?
• Which orthotic system uses rigid plastic AFO and KAFO to restrict motion?
• In mechanical spinal traction for C5-C7, the cervical spine should be positioned at:
• Which option describes the Posterior leaf spring (PLS)?
• Which statement is a correct indication for electrotherapy?
• Which TLSO brace uses a 3-point design to control flexion and extension?
• Qualitative research outcomes are generally which of the following?
• Which of the following is NOT a criterion used to define a 'disabled' individual?
• What is the ideal doorway width recommended for accessibility?
• In C4 Tetraplegia, which muscles are innervated and may be used for sip-and-puff powered mobility?
• Which of the following is a therapeutic effect of UV light therapy?
• Which option does not require any UE or trunk support?
• Which statement best describes conduction as a heat-transfer mode?
• Which is the final step in the four-step evidence-based practice process?
• Which option best defines sampling bias?
• How is seat depth determined for a wheelchair user?
• In the example of 2 ms on and 8 ms off, what is the total cycle time?
• Which option is NOT a feeding device?
• In ascending a curb with forward approach, what is the fourth step?
• Which statement correctly describes an endotracheal tube?
• Which condition is a contraindication to hydrotherapy?
• MMT grades and levels of assistance are examples of which scale?
• Statutory law is enacted by which entities?
• Which statement is true about Medicaid?
• Which wheelchair feature would allow the patient to recline in the actual chair?
• What is the imaging technique that rotates around the patient to create pictures of organs and surrounding tissues?
• Which level involves highly specialized technologically based medical services, such as heart, liver, or lung transplants, with therapists brought in by referral?
• What duration is most often recommended for stretching soft tissue or reducing muscle spasm?
• What is a case report?
• What does rearfoot posting do in gait mechanics?
• Which catheter is used to measure cardiac output via thermodilution?
• Which catheter is surgically inserted directly into the bladder?
• Continuous data are data that can assume any value along a continuous scale.
• The level of measurement that has equal intervals between values and no true zero, as illustrated by Fahrenheit and Celsius, is which of the following?
• Which condition is associated with rim projections?
• Mallet finger is an injury of the fingertip in which the extension tendon is avulsed from which bone?
• Which level of care is considered the second level, with a team that has not had first contact with the patient, examples include cardiologist or dermatologist, and often requires inpatient hospitalization or ambulatory same-day surgery?
• What produces a hot spot in the ultrasound beam?
• In a physical therapy service within a larger organization, which professional should direct the service?
• To target L3-L4 during traction, the hips should be flexed to approximately which range?
• What is concurrent validity?
• Which of the following is an example of radiation therapy?
• Which of the following could be a dependent variable in a rehabilitation study evaluating a new therapy?
• Which combination of benefits is associated with the SACH foot device’s endoskeletal shank?
• Which lateral support requires total contact lateral support and is used for significant lateral listing or scoliosis?
• The government uses private contractors to manage the payment process of each health plan (e.g., Blue Cross).
• What is the purpose of the Scottish Rite brace in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
• What does intent-to-treat analysis involve?
• Which statement best describes a clinical indication for brake extension?
• What type of precautions should be observed when caring for a patient with MRSA?
• Which cushion type is commonly associated with generating high shear forces?
• Which statement best describes teleological (consequentialist) ethics?
• A patient who can perform about 50% of an activity would be classified as requiring what level of assistance?
• Which statement about the relationship between p-values and alpha levels is true?
• In research design, which statement is true regarding reliability?
• What is the primary property of the cervical soft collar?
• Prescriptive validity means that the measurement suggests the form of treatment the person should receive.
• Which feature best describes tone reducing foot orthosis?
• Elevating leg rests in a wheelchair are indicated for which condition?
• Under IDEA, which is included in Individualized Education Plans (IEPs)?
• The ADA employment provision applies to employers with how many employees or more?
• Frontal plane control in KAFOs is provided by which component?
• Which statement best defines conduction?
• Interferential current uses two high-frequency alternating waveforms that cross to produce what in the tissue?
• Which adaptive equipment ordered for home health care is generally reimbursable?
• Solid cushions are best described as which?
• Medicare Part B covers which of the following?
• Which statement defines a randomized controlled trial?
• What minimum width is required to turn 180 degrees in a standard wheelchair?
• What is the maximum doorway depth?
• The width of a wheelchair should be based on the widest part of the hips plus how much additional space?
• Who may write interim progress notes for therapeutic care?
• Qualitative research typically uses which sample characteristic?
• Liquid cushions are characterized by which statement?
• What is content validity?
• What is the standard grab bar diameter?
• A central venous pressure catheter is used to measure pressures in which areas?
• Which statement best describes a cross-sectional study?
• Which scenario indicates the need for a power mobility device?
• Which description best defines a tracheostomy?
• Ramps require handrails if rise or run exceeds certain thresholds. Which statement is correct?
• BiCAAL stands for which concept?
• Which frame addresses issues with sliding or extensor tone?
• What is the duty cycle for disc protrusions and joint distraction?
• Which services are typically covered by Medicaid?
• In qualitative research, the sample size is typically?
• Which feature provides fixed ROM in an ankle-foot orthosis for severe sprains?
• What is the primary goal of physical therapy in a school setting?
• In qualitative research, what best describes the researcher role?
• Which statement best describes the Minerva orthosis?
• Which mobility device is indicated for a patient who cannot self propel and has transfer limitations?
• For EMG biofeedback of a weak extensor carpi radialis longus, which electrode placement configuration yields signals primarily from that muscle?
• Coulomb measures what quantity?
• Which term from the disability framework best describes the inability to perform a social role due to social or environmental restrictions?
• Failure to reject the null hypothesis means:
• Diathermy refers to the application of which of the following?
• Which statement best describes a typical use of a nasogastric (NG) tube?
• Which statement about pressure-cycled ventilators is true?
• Internal fixation involves which of the following?
• Conventional TENS used for pain relief during activities of daily living?
• Qualitative research rationale supports studying behavior in what context?
• What is the minimum length of a grab bar installed near the toilet?
• Which condition is listed as a contraindication to UV light therapy?
• Articulated feet include rubber bumpers that serve which purpose?
• Content validity is defined as the extent to which a measure represents all facets of the given construct.
• Which statement describes a molded solid-ankle AFO?
• Random assignment of patients to a group is best described as
• ANOVA is used to determine differences in which scenario?
• Which of the following is NOT a contraindication to massage therapy?
• Medicare Part A covers which of the following?
• Myelodysplasia is defined as abnormal development of part of the spinal cord.
• Which KAFO system emphasizes triplanar control through a plastic-metal combination?
• Which device provides the greatest base of support and stability?
• Which setting is outpatient, preventive, diagnostic treatment services provided at medical offices, outpatient clinics and surgery centers, and is less costly than inpatient care and favored by managed care plans?
• Bone scan can detect bone disease or stress fractures with minimal bone loss. What is the approximate percentage range?
• Which of the following is an indication for compression therapy?
• The resting hand splint positions the hand in functional position. Which description matches this position?
• Removable seat insert is indicated when the wheelchair must fold. Which option corresponds?
• Current density is typically expressed in which units?
• Back height above the inferior angle of the scapula indicates which option?
• In a patient with a T10 paraplegia, what is the typical mode for community ambulation?
• What is the typical depth of penetration for a 3 MHz ultrasound frequency?
• What is the acceptable range for handrail diameter?
• What does the Functional Reach Test measure?
• What is the ratio that is recommended for joint mobility (joint mobilization)?
• Which statement correctly describes the role of a PT aide?
• Noxious TENS used for what?
• Which description best matches the standard frame (lightweight) clinical indications?
• What is the minimum width required for a wheelchair to perform a U-turn?
• Which statement is true about home health aides?
• Which catheter measures pressure in the vena cava or right atrium?
• Constitutional Law involves law derived from which source, with final interpretation by the supreme or high court?
• What is the typical duration for keeping medical records, varying by state?
• Which seating component is described as not intended for long-term use and requires no postural support?
• Qualitative research training of the researcher typically has what background?
• Intertester reliability assesses what?
• Which cervical orthosis is a four-poster design?
• Where is the motor point of the peroneus longus located?
• Gloves are worn to reduce the risk of infection from microorganisms and to protect the patient and clinician. They are used for patients on which precautions?
• Which setting provides rehab, social and vocational services to facilitate return to maximum functional capacity and coordinates these services with medical and educational services?
• What is the width of an accessible parking space?
• Statistical power is a function of
• Which ethical framework emphasizes autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice?
• Under the PTA guide for professional conduct, which statement is true?
• The posterior leaf spring AFO provides which primary benefit?
• Under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), what is the primary role of physical therapists?
• Compared with standard wheelchairs, the hemiplegic wheelchair seat height is which?
• What is the recommended height range for ramp handrails for ambulators?
• What is the maximum threshold height allowed for sliding doors to maintain accessibility?
• In EMG biofeedback, what is the effect of wider spacing of electrodes?
• In the acute phase of cervical traction for disc protrusion, what is the typical force?
• The Functional Status Index scores across how many domains?
• Which accessory provides both trunk and shoulder support to correct anterior listing?
• Indications for vapocoolant spray include which of the following?
• Which catheter is used for bronchospirometry and isolation of a portion of the lung during general anesthesia?
• Which statement describes a Foley catheter?
• Which legal term describes the unilateral termination of services by a health care professional without patient consent?
• Which of the following is an indication for superficial thermotherapy?
• Whirlpool treatment risk
• Qualitative research purpose is to
• Which statement about the Functional Independence Measure is true?
• Conversion describes heating that occurs when nonthermal energy is absorbed into tissue and transformed into heat. Which statement is true about conversion?
• Cardiac catheterization can measure which cardiovascular parameters?
• Which statement best describes euthanasia?
• What is the typical duration of the initial lumbar traction session?
• What is the typical height range from the floor to the top of a toilet per the material?
• In electrical stimulation for wound healing, which electrode polarity is typically applied to promote healing?
• For C5 Quadriplegia, which manual wheelchair handrim type is described?
• Coronary angioplasty is a treatment used to address which condition?
• Which of the following is true about workers' compensation?
• What traction duration is appropriate when attempting to stretch soft tissue in a patient who has previously tolerated traction without difficulty?
• Which statement about physician assistants (PAs) is true?
• Which rim type is indicated when hand contact requires extra support due to grip limitations?
• Cryotherapy is indicated for which of the following conditions?
• Where are the pads located on a Swedish knee cage?
• CPT codes are primarily used for what in physical therapy practice?
• Which lateral support is indicated for mild to moderate lateral listing or scoliosis?
• Fluoroscopy is a continuous X-ray procedure that shows the heart and lungs and is still used as part of cardiac catheterization.
• Which statement is true about ordinal scales?
• The beam nonuniformity ratio (BNR) should be within:
• Predictive validity is demonstrated when test scores help predict a specific future outcome.
• Which is a contraindication to biofeedback?
• Alternate forms reliability is also known as parallel forms reliability and assesses consistency of measurements obtained with different forms of a test.
• Alzheimer's disease typically differs from small strokes in onset and course.
• What does validity refer to in measurement tools?
• Which is an indication for diathermy?
• What is a key limitation of case reports?
• What does specificity measure in a screening test?
• Which of the following is a contraindication to UV light therapy?
• Which condition is an indication for the use of CPM?
• Which transducer size is most commonly used for the wrist in ultrasound?
• In clinical research, which design provides the strongest evidence for establishing causality?
• The central venous pressure catheter primarily helps evaluate which of the following?
• Which seating arrangement best describes the propulsion setup for a patient with left hemiplegia when using a hemi height wheelchair?
• Which statement accurately describes an oronasal mask?
• When working with weakness of a muscle, which electrode spacing and sensitivity are used to create an adequate visible signal?
• Which of the following is a recommended physical safeguard to prevent casual disclosure of patient information?
• Which feature is associated with curved headrest for more aggressive support?
• What is a characteristic of the pawl lock with bail release in KAFOs?
• Coinsurance for hospitalization costs is 20% of costs paid by the patient.
• If a Kruskal-Wallis test is used, what is the minimum number of independent samples?
• Doppler ultrasonography helps determine which parameter of blood flow?
• What is reliability?
• Which statement accurately describes intracranial pressure monitoring?
• Which option would be used for transfers requiring slide board assistance and access to wheels?
• Curved seat is used to provide increased contact with the seat due to what?
• What is the minimum doorway width required by ADA accessibility?
• Bone scan can identify stress fractures, infection, and tumors. It can detect bone disease with as little as what percentage of bone loss?
• Which statement about early detection of scoliosis is true?
• Which statement correctly describes the relationship between crystal quality and the beam nonuniformity ratio (BMR)?
• Which strap configuration corrects valgus?
• Which statement best describes meta-analysis?
• What is the primary function of the KAFO drop ring lock?
• Which unit describes electrical resistance or impedance?
• Quad cane is used in which manner?
• In the Nagi disability model, pathology is defined as which?
• Which statement about sip-and-puff control is true?
• Which personal protective equipment is essential to prevent infection during contact precautions?
• Which KAFO feature locks the knee in extension but allows the patient to unlock to the knee?
• Which duty cycle is recommended for disc protrusion?
• The THKAFO Reciprocating Gait Orthosis is used for which condition?
• Which KAFO feature describes a free motion joint?
• When alpha is 0.05, which p-value indicates significance?
• Which TLSO brace limits flexion but encourages hyperextension (lordosis) and is used for compression fractures of the spine?
• Planar seat is indicated when there is no seated deformity. Which option is the correct description?
• For an active patient with incomplete spinal cord injury relying on a wheelchair as the primary mode of transportation, which chair type is most appropriate?
• Which finding is indicative of brain impairment from a small ischemic event (transient ischemic attack or stroke)?
• Content validity evaluates whether a test...
• What is required for reimbursement in private practice?
• Quantitative research rationale states that social reality can be reduced to variables that, when tightly controlled, allow researchers to examine how other variables are influenced?
• Magnesium in ion therapy is best described as which of the following?
• What practice is recommended for open MRSA wounds?
• Which feature may be used to provide more aggressive support with curved headrest?
• Which device is a semirigid plastic molded insert to correct flexible pes planus?
• Which of the following is an example of the independent variable in a clinical trial?
• Which statement best describes non-proportional joystick control?
• Which of the following is an indication for iontophoresis?
• Which KAFO feature reduces weight-bearing through the limb?
• Which device avoids transmitting pressure to the brachial plexus area?
• The SACH foot provides motion in which planes?
• Which test is typically used to evaluate cardiac arrhythmias?
• Which AFO is used to address knee recurvatum and toe drag during swing?
• Which of the following is a contraindication for electrotherapy when considering the carotid sinus area?
• What are the minimum dimensions required to complete a wheelchair U-turn?
• Which statement about private health insurance is accurate?
• Legg-Calve-Perthes disease is idiopathic osteonecrosis of which structure?
• Early stage Alzheimer disease is characterized by which finding?
• Which model explicitly includes environmental factors as imposing disability?
• In EMG biofeedback, to encourage general motion such as shoulder elevation, which electrode spacing should be used?
• Dichotomous data are data that are limited to how many values?
• Where is the trim line located on a posterior leaf spring orthosis?
• Which condition is not listed as an indication for intermittent compression therapy?
• Which data scale allows items to be ranked or ordered so that the numbers have a greater-than/less-than relationship but not necessarily equal intervals?
• Random assignment aims to minimize bias by ensuring that
• In quantitative research, data are typically?
• What does an entry on the problem list summarize?
• Which brace is specifically used for people recovering from spinal cord injury and provides maximal support?
• The Craig-Scott KAFO includes which of the following features?
• In the acute phase of cervical traction, approximately what percentage of body weight is used (7%-10%)?
• Which of the following is a common reason for payment denials related to documentation?
• Which accessory facilitates transfers via slide board and may require two-person max assistance, and requires access to wheels for propulsion?
• Relative risk is defined as what?
• What is the treatment time for a herniated disc when using traction?
• Face validity is best described as:
• What is the standard ramp width?
• Hertz is the unit of measure that describes cycles per second in alternating current.
• BNR is determined by which factor?
• Which configuration supports sit-to-stand transfers and uses a lap board?
• Brief intense TENS characteristic?
• What is the minimum doorway width required for a wheelchair to safely pass?
• A chest radiograph is used to visualize which of the following structures and findings?
• If lymphedema treatment uses two sessions per day, each lasting 3 hours, what is the total daily time?
• Bevel (undercut) front edge of seat is indicated to facilitate which action?
• What is the typical height range from the floor to the top of a toilet?
• Which test is used to assess endurance of the patient according to the material?
• In a nasal cannula, how far does the tubing typically extend into the nostrils?
• What is the primary purpose of a screening test?
• What is voltage?
• Which TLSO is noted for allowing early mobilization and functional training during recovery?
• Specificity is defined as:
• Pes cavus is accompanied by supination of which joints and is commonly treated with what insert?
• Forefoot posting is contraindicated in which condition?
• What condition can cause terminal swing impact during late swing?
• The rate of heat transfer during conduction accelerates when which of the following occurs?
• Effleurage is best described as which of the following?
• Which condition is a contraindication to compression therapy?
• Which statement about scoliosis is true?
• Which ankle-foot orthosis modification is used to address dorsiflexion and knee instability in the early to mid-stance phase?
• Which back insert provides mild to moderate trunk support due to tone or deformity related postural concerns?
• In a case-control study, the measure of association is the?
• Which statement about the significance threshold is supported by the material?
• The balloon-tipped catheter used to measure wedge pressure and left atrial pressure is called?
• Which therapy is primarily used to promote venous return and prevent edema in the lower extremities?
• A lateral heel wedge is used for which condition?
• What is the primary purpose of a posterior leaf spring orthosis?
• Which statement best differentiates qualitative research from quantitative in terms of generalization?
• What percentage of body weight is typically necessary to cause mechanical separation in the lumbar spine?
• Utilization review is best described as?
• Which description matches a Thomas heel?
• What is the typical initial lumbar traction force to reduce muscle guarding and spasm?
• For continuous passive motion, what is the initial knee flexion range?
• Which task is typical for medical assistants?
• Which is NOT a thermal effect of ultrasound?
• The PSMS is designed as a disability measure for which population?
• What is the traction duration for an initial session for mild to moderate symptoms?
• Which statement best describes the typical orientation of peer review in utilization review?
• Reclining Back wheelchair is indicated for which patient profile?
• The Swedish knee cage provides what level of knee control?
• Which of the following is a clinical indication for an ultralight wheelchair frame?
• Which statement is a HIPAA practice implication for handling communications?
• What position is recommended during lumbar traction for a posterior herniated lumbar disc?
• Elevating legrests are specifically used for which condition?
• Venous ulcers are treated with a total of 2.5 hours per week, spread over how many sessions?
• Semirigid plastic insert is used for which foot condition?
• Boutonniere deformity is associated with which condition?
• When treating larger areas in ultrasound therapy using a 5 cm2 sound head for the upper back extending to the lateral border of the scapula, how is treatment time allocated?
• Who is responsible for all actions and duties of a PT student?
• Which statement describes the use of a jejunostomy (J) tube?
• Which area is evaluated by sensitivity in screening tests?
• What is the effective radiating area (ERA) in therapeutic ultrasound?
• Before performing hand hygiene, which of the following should be removed?
• Which statement correctly describes home health care eligibility criteria?
• Which statement best defines sensitivity in diagnostic testing?
• The Palumbo knee orthosis is designed to address which issue?
• Which ADA title addresses accessibility of communication devices and systems?
• Which spinal orthosis is known for being low-profile and can be worn under clothing?
• Which statement best describes Hubbard tank therapy?
• Which spinal orthosis is a TLSO with a low-profile, more cosmetic design that can be worn under clothing and is used for mid-thoracic or lower scoliosis curves of 40 degrees or less, and may be used to treat spondylolisthesis and conditions of severe trunk weakness (e.g., muscular dystrophy)?
• Sample size effect on statistical testing
• What width is recommended for a wheelchair-accessible door entrance in home modifications?
• Chi-square test is used to assess whether observed frequencies differ from what would be expected by chance.
• Under HIPAA, how long do providers have to respond to a request to access medical records?
• Which condition is a contraindication to massage therapy?
• Swan neck deformity presents with which pattern of joint movement and is commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis?
• Which stat test is designed to compare two means in parametric data?
• Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic effect of continuous passive motion (CPM)?
• Which is an element required to prove malpractice through negligence?
• In a study using an independent t-test with alpha set at 0.05, how would statistically significant results be indicated?
• To increase tissue temperature during ultrasound, which adjustment is recommended?
• Nerve conduction velocity is an example of which scale?
• What is the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) used for?
• The Swedish knee cage provides control for which problem?
• In an A-B-A-B single-case design, what does phase B represent?
• What is the typical total treatment time for a contrast bath session?
• Which statement about licensed practical nurses is true?
• Medicare cost sharing includes deductibles; which statement is correct?
• Which cervical orthosis attaches to the skull by screws and provides maximum cervical spine control?
• Null hypothesis is best described as:
• MRSA stands for which infection?
• Which diagnostic test records the electrical activity of the heart and helps identify conduction abnormalities, cardiac arrhythmias, and myocardial ischemia?
• What is the target knee flexion range by the end of CPM treatment?
• Which statement correctly describes Conventional AFOs in relation to limb volume?
• A physiatrist focuses on restoration of function for patients with disabilities in which areas?
• Traction can have which therapeutic effect?
• Traction has which of the following as a therapeutic effect?
• In diagnostic testing, which statement best reflects sensitivity?
• Which is an indication for traction?
• What is the typical position of an airplane splint?
• What is the minimum height for outlets above the floor?
• Which of the following is true about hand hygiene in clinical settings?
• Which example best illustrates predictive validity?
• Which noninvasive instrument assesses arterial blood flow by emitting sound waves reflected off moving blood cells?
• During mechanical spinal traction for the atlantoaxial joint, what cervical spine position is recommended?
• Setting the prosthetic knee too far posterior to the TKA line results in what?
• Arteriography is best described as a radiograph that visualizes injected radiopaque dye in which structure?
• In a KAFO with an offset joint, where is the hinge located?
• In a clinical setting, a physician's job includes which of the following responsibilities?
• Medicare is administered by which federal agency?
• Attendant-operated brakes are indicated when the user:
• Which statement best describes systematic reviews?
• Which concept refers to the inability to engage in roles within a social contact and physical environment?
• Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic effect of cryotherapy?
• Which condition is a contraindication to electrotherapy?
• Which statement is true about Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) plans?
• What is invasive hemodynamic monitoring?
• Which drug is commonly delivered by iontophoresis for acute inflammatory conditions such as patellar tendonitis?
• In HKAFOs, the hip joint component primarily controls which motions?
• Which of the following is a HIPAA practice implication for electronic data?
• Which statement about hospice care is true for reimbursement eligibility?
• Before discussing a patient's status with family, what is generally required?
• Shorter length desk arm rests in a wheelchair are useful to allow the patient to get closer to tables or work surfaces.
• Which percentage lies within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal distribution?
• For a study comparing two independent samples with nonparametric data, which test is MOST appropriate?
• In an A-B-A-B single-subject design, what does A represent and what does B represent?
• Which professionals are commonly part of a hospice care team, with physical therapy and occupational therapy often optional?
• Why is a high beam nonuniformity ratio undesirable in therapy?
• Which upper limb orthosis is a motor-driven device with a complex control system that allows for grasp and is not in widespread use?
• Custom foot box is indicated when:
• Criterion-related validity is established by comparing a measurement to either a gold standard measurement at approx the same time or data obtained by different forms of testing.
• What position is recommended during lumbar traction when the goal is to open up the intervertebral foramen, separate the facet joints, or elongate the muscles?
• By what percentage should BWS be decreased at each progression step?
• The ERA is described as:
• What is the required turning space in a WC (width and length) for wheelchair access?
• A frequency of what is used for heating superficial with depth less than 2 cm?
• In a hotel, approximately what percentage of total rooms must be accessible?
• For FES of the spastic upper extremity, which statement correctly describes ramp timing?
• The Oregon orthotic KAFO system is characterized by what?
• What is face validity?
• Double-blind research design is defined as
• The Functional Status Index measures what?
• Does HIPAA override state laws that are more restrictive, such as those protecting minors?
• Which unit is a hospital-based skilled nursing facility with daily doctors, nurses, and rehab, and patients are often discharged home or to assisted living or skilled nursing facilities?
• Which mineral is used for open lesions and ulcerations?
• TLSO: Plastic thoracolumbosacral jacket is used for which purpose?
• In a study of changes in muscle strength, manual muscle tests results are BEST categorized as which type of data?
• In the Functional Reach Test, how is the maximal forward reach quantified?
• The Iowa Knee Orthosis provides which type of stabilization and postoperative support?
• Which of the following is a sign of cold intolerance during therapy that requires stopping treatment?
• Which statement about a nasogastric (NG) tube is true?
• What is the primary function of a cushion-heel?
• A dependent transfer is typically performed using which method?
• In the Nagi model, disability is defined as?
• Which elements are common to both HMOs and PPOs?
• For lumbar traction, the recommended duration to stretch soft tissue or reduce muscle spasm is typically:
• Intermittent claudication is most often evaluated with which diagnostic tool?